Epiphany

It is finally November 7, 2006.

C’mon, America! Show the world we’re not as dumb as we look!

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Bleen

I have been holding my breath this past month, not wanting to jinx the long-overdue electoral retribution awaiting George W. Bush and his gang of miscreants.

To kill time, I’ll write some more irrelevant garbage.

Today it concerns my 1990 Volvo 240 DL. I used to be bothered by the fact that I couldn’t decide whether it’s blue-green or green-blue. On sunny days it seems more blue than green; on cloudy days the opposite is true.

Well, it turns out there’s a word for that color (leaving aside the aforementioned meteorological circumstances):

Across cultures, people tend to classify hundreds of different chromatic colors into eight distinct categories: red, green, yellow-or-orange, blue, purple, brown, pink and grue (green-or-blue), say researchers in this week’s online early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Now, this is not to be confused with Nelson Goodman’s grue, which is affected by temporal circumstances:

Nelson Goodman is best known for his “new riddle of induction”, which he set up by first defining what appears to be a new color adjective, grue: Something is “grue” if and only if it is examined before some particular time T and is green, or else is examined after time T and is blue. He also throws in, as a bonus, “bleen”, which applies to anything examined before time T and is blue, or which is examined after time T and is green. Now, he says, how do we know that the grass is green and not grue before that time T arrives, and that the sky is blue and not bleen? This is for him, and for numerous other analytic philosophers who jumped into the fray, a very worrisome problem indeed!

The guy who provided that summary (Scott Harrison) doesn’t think much of the notorious brainteaser and provides some argumentative details before offering a bit of “philosophical doggerel”:

Nelson Goodman seems quite keen
Induction yet to show anew
Is somewhat sick as will be seen
And may not be completely true.

Is this leaf a lovely green?
Or is it rather colored grue?
Is the sky above quite bleen?
Or am I right in seeing blue?

I really don’t care to be mean
And have no wish to Goodman skew;
But childish puzzles can demean;
Has he nothing else to do??

—JSH, “On ‘The New Riddle of Induction'”

So … is it the seventh of November yet?

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Weird

My pal Thomas at Newsrack Blog has tagged me. The task: list five ways I’m weird. Now, being tagged is damnably irritating, as we all know. But it’s twice damnable for a person with limited self-awareness. (Needless to say, I have been told this.) And it’s thrice damnable in that the proper task would have been to list five ways I’m normal. For instance, I like to eat popcorn when I go to the movies. Or … hm. Give me a minute …

While I’m digging deep into my icky psyche,* I would suggest the following exercise to all my wonderful readers: every once in a while, switch the leg you put into your pants first. I think you’ll find it refreshing, if not liberating.

Do not, however, attempt to switch hands while tying your shoelaces (i.e., have your left hand do what your right hand normally does, and vice versa). This will drive you insane.
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*Josh. I have no intention of doing any such thing.

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Silencer

It’s hard to imagine a more cowardly act than the cold-blooded murder of Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya. “The pen is mightier than the sword”—and, presumably, mightier than the bullet. Whistling in the dark. Bullets and bombs continue to make the weaker argument prevail, just as in the days of swords and battering rams; continue to prop the unworthy in high places, continue to make life in the jungle seem civilized by comparison.

Her newspaper, Novaya Gazeta, is offering a 25 million ruble reward for information leading to the arrest of the perpetrators. “As long as there is a Novaya Gazeta,” the paper writes, “her murderers will not sleep peacefully.” Ironically, money may provide the solution—the same thing that can hypnotize weak souls into firing bullets and exploding bombs.

When someone tells you they’re killing for an idea (democracy, freedom, etc.), dig a little deeper. There’s usually lucre down there, or something freely convertible into lucre. Only maniacs kill for ideas—to satisfy the voices whispering inside their heads. And how many of them are there, really? By and large, it’s the average, reasonable human being we need to worry about—the one capable of a contract killing. A contract—what could be more civilized?

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Moonwalker

I haven’t used a conventional alarm clock for years. I have a personal alarm clock named Laura. But recently I’ve needed its services. And for several days now, when it goes off, I find myself thinking, “The alarum has sounded!” (How Shakespearean de Verean!) It seems I’m playing with the word to make up for the dreary prospect of actually getting up.

Today it got me thinking about the natural economy of the English language: alarum → alarm, aeroplane → airplane, and so on. Maybe all languages are like that. In French, though, appartement is still four syllables, last I checked.

Be that as it may, the urge to clip (or simply the disinclination to enunciate) can have unfortunate consequences. Ask Neil Armstrong. For years he has insisted (in his mild, downstate Ohio way) that he had really said, “That’s one small step for a man,” not “… one small step for man.” Last week a kind stranger provided a computerized analysis of the famous sound bite that seemed to vindicate Armstrong’s claim that he had merely swallowed the a. I did my own little analysis of the NASA clip and, sure enough, you can see a trace of the article between “for” and “man.” The homespun astronaut pronounces “for” more like “fur” (and, really, don’t we all? and doesn’t that make us all homespun?), so the phrase comes out more like “furamán,” with the first (furst?) a barely sounding.

Give a listen:

Now have a look:

Annotated voiceprint of Neil Armstrong's 'One small step ...'

Not a big deal, and yet kind of a big deal. The historic lunar exclamation doesn’t make much sense without the a. Let’s hope the correction gets made in all extant transcripts of that epoch-making moment.

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Homer

I was at work in Virginia, chatting with my kid, who’s in college in Massachusetts. That in itself is wondrous. (I think I averaged two phone calls per quarter to my parents while I was in school. She talks with her mother and me four or five times a week.) She mentioned in passing that she was going to see a bunch of actors from England do Hamlet. That’s kind of wondrous, too. (It wasn’t assigned or anything—purely extracurricular.)

“I don’t know the story, though,” she said, with a tang of worry, knowing that it helps to know the plot in advance to help you through the archaic language. (She had read Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and maybe some other Shakespeare* in high school, but not Hamlet.) So I launched into my CliffsNotes® version of the action. When I get to the part where Hamlet arranges to have the traveling players re-enact the murder (as described to him by his father’s ghost), my kid says, “Oh, yeah, they pour poison in the king’s ear.” I say, “I thought you said you hadn’t read it.” She laughs sheepishly. Suddenly it hits me. “Let me guess: you saw it on The Simpsons.”

Because this isn’t the first time it’s happened. This past summer we were watching an episode of The Twilight Zone, the one where Billy Mumy plays a kid who is all-powerful and gets very cranky when people express, or even think, unhappy thoughts, and my apparently clairvoyant daughter says, “He’ll send them to the corn field.” And sure enough, he does (where they die, of course). And sure enough, she got that bit of prescience from The Simpsons.

It turns out I’m not the only one who’s experienced this odd reverse allusionizing in the younger generation. In a recent issue of The London Review of Books, Joanna Biggs opens a review with this anecdote:

I watched The Godfather for the first time with my little brother. I’d been worried he was too young for it, but that was before we got to the notorious scene in which the camera starts out hovering over Jack Woltz’s pool, climbs into his bedroom, then crawls up his sleeping body, finally pausing at a smear of blood at the top edge of his blanket. At this point, my brother announced that there would be a horse’s head under the blanket. I found it hard to believe that a ten-year-old who’d never seen the film knew what would happen next. I turned back to the screen. Woltz wakes up and, noticing the smear, starts drawing back the blanket to reveal a pool of blood. He pulls the blanket back further, and discovers a horse’s head at the foot of the bed, its glossy brown nose facing us, glassy eye to the ceiling. I turned back to my brother and asked him how he’d known. “The same thing happened in The Simpsons,” he said.

It’s a strange thing to recognize something backwards. When you see that episode of The Simpsons, you’re supposed to chuckle wryly in recognition. But what if, like my brother, you’re seeing it for the first time? When you see the imitation without knowing the original, how odd it must seem. And when you finally see the original knowing the imitation, what’s supposed to be a shock is now familiar, almost expected. The advantage is that you can be one line ahead of everyone else.

I don’t know if it’s necessarily an advantage, but it’s definitely weird. And I single out The Simpsons because I don’t know if there’s another example of pop culture that makes such extensive use of “artsy” allusions (in addition to the plethora of political and popcult references). When kids nowadays read The Oddysey in high school, they think, “Ah, Homer!” And I’d bet good money (it has to be a bet, since I’ve seen maybe 10% of the Simpsons oeuvre**) they’ll encounter scenes that are quite familiar, albeit painted in bright cartoon colors rather than the stark sun-drenched monochrome of the other Homer.
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*Sorry—I meant de Vere.
**And enjoyed it immensely. So why do I watch the show (reruns) only when the kid is around? Hm.

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Misinterpreted

Even before my recent romp through the Susan Sontag wonderland of On Photography, I was a devout photoskeptic (who happens to enjoy taking photos—go figure). This little item at Slate is worth a brief meditation. It concerns a photo of five New Yorkers seated in various casual postures, talking calmly at the water’s edge as the twin towers of the World Trade Center in the background belch smoke into a crisp blue September afternoon. As reported by Slate, Frank Rich of the New York Times wrote that he found the image “shocking” and suggested that the people depicted were “relaxing” and were already “mov[ing] on” from the attacks. Today one of the people in the picture described how the five had come to be where they were, what they were talking about, and how they felt. “A snapshot can make mourners attending a funeral look like they’re having a party,” he said. Indeed. It is particularly suspicious that they were not glued to their television sets.

Rich usually gets things pretty much right, but here he was guessing, and it seems he guessed quite wrongly. One lesson here is that, even when a photo seems to provide enough context, it often (always?) does not. The world is a seeming place, but it responds and opens itself up to patient probing. Photography continually enchants us into thinking otherwise—that the world can be captured unequivocally in a moment.

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Terrific

For fans of the “war on terror,” the last few days have been downright terrorlicious. Other minds more loquacious and quicker with their fingers have explained why they preferred not to mark the anniversary of an attack by a handful of foreigners, noting instead the self-inflicted depredations of the last five years (and counting).

On the eve of the well-orchestrated memorials, which seemed better suited to ratcheting up fear than bucking up spirits, Bill Maher struck a discordant note. He said it’s his patriotic duty to mock George W. Bush:

New rule: Bad presidents happen to good people. Amid all the 9/11 anniversary talk about what will keep us safe, let me suggest that in a world turned hostile to America, the smartest message we can send to those beyond our shores is, “We’re not with stupid.” Therefore, I contend—with all seriousness—that ridiculing this president is now the most patriotic thing you can do. Let our allies and our enemies alike know that there’s a whole swath of Americans desperate to distance themselves from Bush’s foreign policies. And that’s just Republicans running for reelection.

Part of me agrees, of course, but part of me is uncomfortable with mockery as a method of political discourse. More importantly, though, it’s not just George Bush. To get personal is to fall in the trap set by the mainstream culture. You vote for the candidate you’d prefer to watch a football game with. Don’t waste time investigating the forces at work, the deals being made—the real game being played. If you like the way the guy talks, or walks, or winks at you, go ahead and vote him into the most powerful office in the land.

That said, I simply have to post this:

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Merging

There is much that is wrong with the world—seriously wrong. One feels silly speaking of this particular wrong. It is admittedly trivial. But it seems to be intractable, and so perhaps worthy of passing consideration.

The evil of which I speak is simply this: on the highway, when the traffic is heavy, it pays to stay in the lane that, as the signs warn in decreasing increments— “one mile,” “2,000 feet”, “500 feet” —will disappear. It does not pay to be in a lane (or lanes) that is (or are) not destined to disappear.

This does not seem fair. It is not fair. But it is true. Every car that passes by in the soon-to-be-gone lane necessarily lengthens the lane it enters upon merging; every car behind loses a car length—repeatedly. Even if traffic eventually stops in that lane, and a car is across from you—you can even see the driver, seems to be a nice enough person: eventually that car will be far ahead of you in your lane. Like magic—but there’s nothing magical in it. That person’s lane is getting shorter, while yours is getting longer. It’s mathematics. But, in the demotic, it’s simply called “cutting in line.” (Would these people do it at the movie theater, or the checkout line at the grocery store? There’s something about being ensconced in a couple of tons of steel that seems to bring out the worst in people.)

The point was driven home most emphatically on a recent trip to Boston and back. The sign warned that not one, but two lanes were soon to be eliminated on the left, leaving two unaffected. I positioned myself in the far right lane, thinking the next lane over would bear the brunt of the traffing merging from the two doomed lanes. To my growing surprise, traffic in the left two lanes continued to fly by. The right two lanes were crawling, but the left two lanes were flowing freely. It got to be ridiculous, really. So much so that, to my astonishment, a driver in the next lane over decided, not to merge into my lane, in anticipation of the flood of cars trying to merge into his, but into the next lane to the left. And then into the leftmost lane! What a bastard, I thought. He was acting intelligently—didn’t I just explain the math?—but he was still behaving like a filthy selfish bastard. And he was not alone. But there is nothing to stop it.

Well, there is a way of stopping it, as my lady friends have often pointed out to me with growing (and understandable) passengerial exasperation. Either do what they’re doing, or don’t let the bastards in. I just can’t bring myself to do what they’re doing—I would feel like an absolute shit. Alternatively, I’ve often managed to stay six inches from the car in front in these situations, but there’s always someone who lets the gap grow big enough to let a bastard in. And really, are we to begin ramming other cars, just because we are morally in the right? (And really, are we? Or are we just stupid? [Lady friends: “What do you mean ‘we,’ Kemosabe?”])

No, personal action by individual motorists cannot solve it. But there is a way to stop it. I saw it once. Once. A cop was at the point where the disappearing lane truly disappeared. He held those cars in place, giving the “good folks”—the ones who merged when they were warned to—a chance to continue without the smart bastards forcing their way into their lane. Once in my life I saw justice being done on an interstate highway.

Personally, I would be willing to pay a slightly higher toll on turnpikes, or a slightly higher income or sales tax, to have a cop stationed like that noble law enforcement agent in my sweet memory, making smart bastards pay for their smart bastardy, rewarding good-hearted, gentle folk who believe in playing nice and sharing equally the inconvenience of a constricted highway. But I doubt it will ever happen. The problem is apparently “intractable” in practice, not in theory.

At any rate, there is so much right with the world, it’s dopey of me to write about this. I apologize if you feel even dopier for reading it. The only consolation on my recent trip is that I was alone in the car when it happened.

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Lazy

I haven’t posted much since I got back from the beach. I just wander from blog to blog, enjoying my sense of aimlessness, dropping a dumb comment here and there. All kinds of dumb things have happened in the world, but I can’t seem to work up the energy to take note of them in writing. Certain things are proceeding as expected (e.g., the implosion of the ruling party). Other things pop up in the dumbest sort of déjà vu way (e.g., the JonBenét Ramsey case*). I wonder as I wander

Oh, I’ve been reading—in dribs and drabs. Read (or reread? help me, brain) Susan Sontag’s brilliant (and hotly disputed) On Photography. Something to provoke thought on every page (just like it says on the back cover, only more elegantly). So I’ve been thinking about photographs—taking them, looking at them, interpreting them, imagining not taking/viewing/interpreting them, etc., but not actually taking any. One can’t help looking at them, can one? They’re everywhere. But in the spirit of late summer languor, I’ve done my damnedest not to interpret them.

During my blog crawl today, I came across a link to a French site called Bonjour America. It’s sort of a one-man web TV show. I’ve only watched two so far: episodes 12 (about cheese) and 13 (wherein the host interviews some French people—at a bistro, looks like—about things American). I found it very amusing, and perhaps you will, too. Don’t worry—it’s in English. Do you think I’d be busting my tuckus on something that’s in French? If I wanted to do that, I’d read L’etranger. [The hat tip goes to John Arivosis. I guess he’s still in a Gallic glow after his trip to France.**]

A highlight of the weekend is that I finally managed to wander into the DC restaurant/bookstore Busboys and Poets, accompanied by my lovely lady friends. Wonderful place. See you there, I hope.
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*Isn’t it spooky that Little Miss Sunshine came out this summer? (Answer: No. We will eventually learn that the fraudulent self-confessed perp knew the movie was coming out. You heard it here.)
**Update: It turns out he’s still in France. Well, I’ll be danged.

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